(Working) Mokṣadeva’s little secret―Wow! It has been always here!(Chinese character literacy required)

Are you paying attention yet? 

1. Big mystery on little Heart Sutra

Heart Sutra, or Prajñā-pāramitā-hṛdaya is Sanskrit version made in 7th-8th is found in 1880s and prominent for first introduced to the western world by Max Müller in 1881. Chinese translations by Kumaradiva and Mokṣadeva are widely read over East Asia.

2. Something is missing - Comparison between Sanskrit ver. vs. Chinese translation ver.

There is no expression equivalent to 21th to 25th characters "度一切苦厄" in Chinese translation by Mokṣadeva in Sanskrit manuscript. (here)

3. What is "度一切苦厄"？

3.1 一切苦 is "sarva dukkha"

3.2 度厄 is "smoking bugs out" from Laozi

〔太平広記、一に引く神仙伝〕（老子）人生各厄會り。其の時に到りて、(も)し名字を易(か)へて、以て元氣の變に隨はば、則ち以て年度厄すべし。

The term "度厄" is first found in Laozi, not Buddhism. It means a kind of magical spells eliminating the misfortune.

度 originally means "smoking out bugs from a house" (here).

4. "度厄" in other literatures

In Mokṣadeva translation "薬師瑠璃光七仏本願功徳経" "Bhaiṣajyaguru-vaiḍūrya-prabhā-rāja Sūtra" shows "復次阿難。彼琰魔王主領世間名籍之記。若諸有情不孝五逆破辱三寶壞君臣法毀於信戒。琰魔法王隨罪輕重考而罰之。是故我今勸諸有情然燈造幡放生修福。令度苦厄不遭衆難". This phrase teaches Confucianism ethics, not Buddhism.
Moreover, this part is not found in another Chinese translation by 達摩笈多 or Sanskrit manuscript found in Gilgit.

5. What does it means "Smoking out the every dukkha"?

In Mahāyāna Buddhism, Boddhisattvas, the Buddhism trainees, can't achieve the Buddha or the nirvana if not the other sentients also achieved the nirvana. In conclusion, this word "度一切苦厄", "smoking out all the sufferings" is the ultimate goal of the Mahāyāna Buddhism.

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